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Photo-Offset and
Post Modernism

 

By the time World War II commenced in 1939 most posters were printed using a mass production technique known as "photo-offset" and posters were facing competition from radio and print, and later from television.    

 

Despite this competition posters continued to thrive as a vital way of communicating messages to the masses.    The use of photography in posters became common-place.

Switzerland, for long a prominent player in the development of poster art and printing, was now to play a major role in the next stage of the poster evolution.

 

Buy 1939 Swiss Luftwaffe Poster at Art.com
1939 Swiss Luftwaffe Poster
Unknown

Although a relatively small country Switzerland nevertheless spoke and wrote 3 different languages which created many problems when designing posters, and a way had to be found to overcome these language difficulties and make posters more easily understood by everyone.     With the advent of World War II Switzerland's problems became a Universal problem, but it was the Swiss who provided the solution.

With typical Swiss sense of "precision" they developed an art style which came to be known as the "International Typographic Style".   Based on a mathematical grid, strict graphic rules and using black and white  photography the style created clarity and introduced the now, common-place, form of Company and Event Identification by logos and icons.

Simultaneously a different, more relaxed, approach to poster art was being adopted in other countries.    This approach was referred to as "Conceptual Image"

 

In America the "Conceptual Image" approach borrowed freely from Surrealism, Pop Art and Expressionism to create "vibrant, screaming, spectacular" posters including, for a short period, a craze for psychedelic posters.    This trait was adapted/adopted by the Polish School and by individuals such as Armando Testa of Italy, Gunter Rambow of Germany and Nicolas Troxler of Switzerland.

 

Buy Psychedelic Peace at Art.com
Psychedelic Peace
The International Typographic Style declined in use in the 70s and 80s and was replaced with "Post Modern" designs which were predominantly graphic in nature.   This change was to accelerate with advances in Computer Graphics, a process which is set to continue for the foreseeable future. 
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